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General Discussion / Re: SCRIPTURES AND BIBLICAL & RELIGIOUS RESEARCH ITEMS
« on: February 26, 2026, 07:24:03 pm »
MAKING THE MOST OF LIFE TODAY, THIS VOL 872B (1) INTERESTING SOURCE FOR READING THE BIBLE ON LINE AND, RIGHT AND WRONG: A CHOICE YOU MUST MAKE [2] THE SCRIPTURE OF THE DAY, A LINK TO A DATA SERIES ON MANY SUBJECTS, AN INTRODUCTION TO TITUS,
AND A BIBLE STUDY [3] THE RARE FRUIT OR VEGETABLE - Artocarpus odoratissimus
[4] WAS IT DESIGNED? THE BUTTERFLY’S WING. [5] WAS IT DESIGNED? THE LIGHT-ABSORBING BUTTERFLY WING, [6] THE BRILLIANT BLUE OF THE POLLIA BERRY, [7] WAS IT DESIGNED? BIRD COLORS THAT NEVER FADE,
(1A) READ THE BIBLE ON LINE:
https://www.jw.org/en/library/bible/study-bible/books/
(1B) SHOW LOVE TO OTHERS, NO MATTER WHO THEY ARE, GO TO:
https://www.jw.org/en/bible-teachings/children/become-jehovahs-friend/videos/love-your-neighbor/
COMBINATION OF [2] THE SCRIPTURE OF THE DAY, AND [3] THE RARE FRUIT OR VEGETABLE - Artocarpus odoratissimus
[2] SCRIPTURE OF THE DAY [VOL. 872B]
O LORD, I know that the way of man is not in himself: it is not in man that walketh to direct his steps. Jeremiah 10:23, [authorized King James Bible; AV]
Almighty God (YHWH) asks Job a series of questions to clearly show him that man is not capable of many things including directing his own steps outside of God’s arrangement at Job 38:24 - 29, [AV] “By what way is the light parted, which scattereth the east wind upon the earth? 25 Who hath divided a watercourse for the overflowing of waters, or a way for the lightning of thunder; 26 To cause it to rain on the earth, where no man is; on the wilderness, wherein there is no man; 27 To satisfy the desolate and waste ground; and to cause the bud of the tender herb to spring forth? 28 Hath the rain a father? or who hath begotten the drops of dew? 29 Out of whose womb came the ice? and the hoary frost of heaven, who hath gendered it?” And at Psalms 135:6 – 7, [AV] “Whatsoever the LORD pleased, that did he in heaven, and in earth, in the seas, and all deep places. 7 He causeth the vapours to ascend from the ends of the earth; he maketh lightnings for the rain; he bringeth the wind out of his treasuries.”
TO VIEW THE INTRODUCTION TO LEARN MORE ABOUT RELIGION AND THE BIBLE, GO TO,
http://religioustruths.forumsland.com/religioustruths-forum-1.html&sid=3332d8b672c83f9abee033515e6f9698
TO VIEW THE INTRODUCTION TO TITUS; CLICK OR ENTER IN BROWSER, THE FOLLOWING,
https://www.jw.org/en/library/bible/study-bible/books/titus-introduction/
AN ONLINE BIBLE STUDY CALLED “FOLLOW THE CHRIST”: CLICK OR POST IN BROWSER, THE FOLLOWING. https://religioustruths.boardhost.com/viewtopic.php?id=645
OR
http://religioustruths.forumsland.com/religioustruths-about928.html\
VIDEO - Pray Anytime, GO TO: https://www.jw.org/en/bible-teachings/children/become-jehovahs-friend/videos/pray-anytime/
VIDEO – OBEY YOUR PARENTS, GO TO:
https://www.jw.org/en/bible-teachings/children/become-jehovahs-friend/videos/obey-your-parents/
[3] Here is a Commentary on Bountiful Trees and Vegetables God (YHWH) has provided for mankind, specifically the Artocarpus odoratissimus, also called terap,marang, johey oak, green pedalai, madang, tarap, or timadang, is a tree in the mulberry and fig family Moraceae. It is native to Borneo, Palawan, and Mindanao Island, and is closely related to the jackfruit, cempedak, and breadfruit trees which all belong to the same genus, Artocarpus.
Description
Artocarpus odoratissimus is an evergreen tree growing to 25 metres (82 ft) tall. The leaves are 16–50 cm long and 11–28 cm broad, similar to the Breadfruit's, but are a little less lobed. Many trees lose the leaf lobing once mature.
Fruit
As indicated by the scientific name, the fruit has a strong scent, and is considered superior in flavour to both jackfruit and cempedak. The scent reminds some of the durian but is not so intense, and is in the thick skin and not the fruit pulp. The taste has hints of a mild creamy, almost juicy banana, and is best when not allowed to ripen thoroughly on the tree. Those ripened on the tree turn a more brownish color and will eventually fall to the ground and easily split open.
The appearance of the fruit can be regarded as an intermediate shape between the jackfruit and the breadfruit. It is round to oblong, 15–20 cm long and 13 cm broad, and weighing about 1 kg. The thick rind is covered with soft, broad spines. They become hard and brittle as the fruit matures. When fully mature the expanding arils stretch the outer rind which often appears lumpy, especially if not all seeds were pollinated. The fruit does not fall to the ground until over-ripe. It may be harvested when full size but still firm, and left to ripen until soft. Fruits change colour to greenish yellow when ripe. The ripe fruit is opened by cutting the rind around, twisting and gently pulling. If overripe they are simply pulled apart. The interior of the fruit is somewhat similar to the jackfruit's, but the color is white and the flesh is usually softer. The core is relatively large, but there are far fewer "rags" and less non-edible parts. Arils are white and the size of a grape, each containing a 15 × 8 mm seed. Once opened, the fruit should be consumed quickly (in a few hours), as it loses flavour rapidly and fruit oxidizes. The seeds are also edible after boiling or roasting.
Cultivation
Artocarpus odoratissimus is cultivated for its fruit in Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, southern Thailand and India Tripura. The species is largely grown for local consumption; the short shelf-life of the fruit limits its wider use.
The tree is not cold tolerant (as is the breadfruit). It can grow between latitude 15° north and south, and in coastal regions where temperatures never stay under 7 °C.
Similar fruits
The fruits of Artocarpus sericicarpus (known as the pedalai, or buah tarap) and Artocarpus sarawakensis (pingan or mountain tarap) are very similar to, and often confused with A. odoratissimus. Both these species are native to the same areas. However, they are still distinguishable based on their appearances when ripe. Artocarpus sericicarpus has hairs, like a large rambutan, and ripens red. Artocarpus sarawakensis is even trickier, because it is the shape of A. odoratissimus, and it is orange. It has smaller kernel sections.
Uses of tarap wastes
There are many uses of the leftover tarap peels, stem axis and seeds. The tarap peels were reported as useful material for the removal of colouring agents (such as crystal violet,[2] methyl violet 2B and methylene blue [3]) from dye wastewater. The tarap stem axis were reported to be used in the removal of Cd (II) and Cu(II).[4]
References
1.
• The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species, retrieved 1 October 2015
• Lim, Linda B. L.; Priyantha, Namal; Zehra, Tasneem; Then, Cheow Wei; Chan, Chin Mei (2016-05-08). "Adsorption of crystal violet dye from aqueous solution onto chemically treated Artocarpus odoratissimus skin: equilibrium, thermodynamics, and kinetics studies". Desalination and Water Treatment. 57 (22): 10246–10260. doi:10.1080/19443994.2015.1033474. ISSN 1944-3994.
• Lim, Linda B. L.; Priyantha, Namal; Ing, Chieng Hei; Dahri, Muhd Khairud; Tennakoon, D. T. B.; Zehra, Tasneem; Suklueng, Montri (2015-01-23). "Artocarpus odoratissimus skin as a potential low-cost biosorbent for the removal of methylene blue and methyl violet 2B". Desalination and Water Treatment. 53 (4): 964–975. doi:10.1080/19443994.2013.852136. ISSN 1944-3994.
4. Lim, Linda B. L.; Priyantha, Namal; Tennakoon, D. T. B.; Dahri, Muhd Khairud (2012-03-06). "Biosorption of cadmium(II) and copper(II) ions from aqueous solution by core of Artocarpus odoratissimus". Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 19 (8): 3250–3256. doi:10.1007/s11356-012-0831-2. ISSN 0944-1344.
• FAO.org: Under-utilized tropical fruits
• Artocarpus odoratissimus Marang/Tarap — with pictures of the fruit ?[SOURCE - RETRIVED FROM https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artocarpus_odoratissimus ON 3/17/2018]
Seed can be obtained from Tradewind, and here is their catalog description, 3090 - Artocarpus odoratissimus - Marang
A 1-2 pound fruit related to the jackfruit, looking somewhat like a smaller jackfruit. Fruits and roasted seeds are edible and the fruit is popular in parts of southeast Asia where it is native. Prefers a tropical climate for growth. Not as hardy as the jackfruit, protect from temperatures under 45F. Medium sized tree to 20-50 feet. ?[SOURCE - RETRIVED FROM https://mail.yahoo.com/d/folders/1/messages/42156 ON 3/17/2018]
[4] WAS IT DESIGNED? THE BUTTERFLY’S WING.
https://www.jw.org/en/library/magazines/g201404/butterfly-wing/
[5] WAS IT DESIGNED? THE LIGHT-ABSORBING BUTTERFLY WING,
https://www.jw.org/en/library/magazines/g201408/light-absorbing-butterfly-wing/
[6] THE BRILLIANT BLUE OF THE POLLIA BERRY,
https://www.jw.org/en/library/magazines/awake-no4-2017-august/pollia-berry-brilliant-blue/
[7] WAS IT DESIGNED? BIRD COLORS THAT NEVER FADE,
https://www.jw.org/en/bible-teachings/science/was-it-designed/bird-colors-never-fade/
LEARN MORE ABOUT THE BIBLE AND RELIGION – BOTH TRUE AND FALSE – AT WWW.JW.ORG
https://th.bing.com/th/id/OIP.OP02Un2cALAP8Rn4EmcU7gHaHa?w=203&h=203&c=7&r=0&o=7&pid=1.7&rm=3
AND A BIBLE STUDY [3] THE RARE FRUIT OR VEGETABLE - Artocarpus odoratissimus
[4] WAS IT DESIGNED? THE BUTTERFLY’S WING. [5] WAS IT DESIGNED? THE LIGHT-ABSORBING BUTTERFLY WING, [6] THE BRILLIANT BLUE OF THE POLLIA BERRY, [7] WAS IT DESIGNED? BIRD COLORS THAT NEVER FADE,
(1A) READ THE BIBLE ON LINE:
https://www.jw.org/en/library/bible/study-bible/books/
(1B) SHOW LOVE TO OTHERS, NO MATTER WHO THEY ARE, GO TO:
https://www.jw.org/en/bible-teachings/children/become-jehovahs-friend/videos/love-your-neighbor/
COMBINATION OF [2] THE SCRIPTURE OF THE DAY, AND [3] THE RARE FRUIT OR VEGETABLE - Artocarpus odoratissimus
[2] SCRIPTURE OF THE DAY [VOL. 872B]
O LORD, I know that the way of man is not in himself: it is not in man that walketh to direct his steps. Jeremiah 10:23, [authorized King James Bible; AV]
Almighty God (YHWH) asks Job a series of questions to clearly show him that man is not capable of many things including directing his own steps outside of God’s arrangement at Job 38:24 - 29, [AV] “By what way is the light parted, which scattereth the east wind upon the earth? 25 Who hath divided a watercourse for the overflowing of waters, or a way for the lightning of thunder; 26 To cause it to rain on the earth, where no man is; on the wilderness, wherein there is no man; 27 To satisfy the desolate and waste ground; and to cause the bud of the tender herb to spring forth? 28 Hath the rain a father? or who hath begotten the drops of dew? 29 Out of whose womb came the ice? and the hoary frost of heaven, who hath gendered it?” And at Psalms 135:6 – 7, [AV] “Whatsoever the LORD pleased, that did he in heaven, and in earth, in the seas, and all deep places. 7 He causeth the vapours to ascend from the ends of the earth; he maketh lightnings for the rain; he bringeth the wind out of his treasuries.”
TO VIEW THE INTRODUCTION TO LEARN MORE ABOUT RELIGION AND THE BIBLE, GO TO,
http://religioustruths.forumsland.com/religioustruths-forum-1.html&sid=3332d8b672c83f9abee033515e6f9698
TO VIEW THE INTRODUCTION TO TITUS; CLICK OR ENTER IN BROWSER, THE FOLLOWING,
https://www.jw.org/en/library/bible/study-bible/books/titus-introduction/
AN ONLINE BIBLE STUDY CALLED “FOLLOW THE CHRIST”: CLICK OR POST IN BROWSER, THE FOLLOWING. https://religioustruths.boardhost.com/viewtopic.php?id=645
OR
http://religioustruths.forumsland.com/religioustruths-about928.html\
VIDEO - Pray Anytime, GO TO: https://www.jw.org/en/bible-teachings/children/become-jehovahs-friend/videos/pray-anytime/
VIDEO – OBEY YOUR PARENTS, GO TO:
https://www.jw.org/en/bible-teachings/children/become-jehovahs-friend/videos/obey-your-parents/
[3] Here is a Commentary on Bountiful Trees and Vegetables God (YHWH) has provided for mankind, specifically the Artocarpus odoratissimus, also called terap,marang, johey oak, green pedalai, madang, tarap, or timadang, is a tree in the mulberry and fig family Moraceae. It is native to Borneo, Palawan, and Mindanao Island, and is closely related to the jackfruit, cempedak, and breadfruit trees which all belong to the same genus, Artocarpus.
Description
Artocarpus odoratissimus is an evergreen tree growing to 25 metres (82 ft) tall. The leaves are 16–50 cm long and 11–28 cm broad, similar to the Breadfruit's, but are a little less lobed. Many trees lose the leaf lobing once mature.
Fruit
As indicated by the scientific name, the fruit has a strong scent, and is considered superior in flavour to both jackfruit and cempedak. The scent reminds some of the durian but is not so intense, and is in the thick skin and not the fruit pulp. The taste has hints of a mild creamy, almost juicy banana, and is best when not allowed to ripen thoroughly on the tree. Those ripened on the tree turn a more brownish color and will eventually fall to the ground and easily split open.
The appearance of the fruit can be regarded as an intermediate shape between the jackfruit and the breadfruit. It is round to oblong, 15–20 cm long and 13 cm broad, and weighing about 1 kg. The thick rind is covered with soft, broad spines. They become hard and brittle as the fruit matures. When fully mature the expanding arils stretch the outer rind which often appears lumpy, especially if not all seeds were pollinated. The fruit does not fall to the ground until over-ripe. It may be harvested when full size but still firm, and left to ripen until soft. Fruits change colour to greenish yellow when ripe. The ripe fruit is opened by cutting the rind around, twisting and gently pulling. If overripe they are simply pulled apart. The interior of the fruit is somewhat similar to the jackfruit's, but the color is white and the flesh is usually softer. The core is relatively large, but there are far fewer "rags" and less non-edible parts. Arils are white and the size of a grape, each containing a 15 × 8 mm seed. Once opened, the fruit should be consumed quickly (in a few hours), as it loses flavour rapidly and fruit oxidizes. The seeds are also edible after boiling or roasting.
Cultivation
Artocarpus odoratissimus is cultivated for its fruit in Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, southern Thailand and India Tripura. The species is largely grown for local consumption; the short shelf-life of the fruit limits its wider use.
The tree is not cold tolerant (as is the breadfruit). It can grow between latitude 15° north and south, and in coastal regions where temperatures never stay under 7 °C.
Similar fruits
The fruits of Artocarpus sericicarpus (known as the pedalai, or buah tarap) and Artocarpus sarawakensis (pingan or mountain tarap) are very similar to, and often confused with A. odoratissimus. Both these species are native to the same areas. However, they are still distinguishable based on their appearances when ripe. Artocarpus sericicarpus has hairs, like a large rambutan, and ripens red. Artocarpus sarawakensis is even trickier, because it is the shape of A. odoratissimus, and it is orange. It has smaller kernel sections.
Uses of tarap wastes
There are many uses of the leftover tarap peels, stem axis and seeds. The tarap peels were reported as useful material for the removal of colouring agents (such as crystal violet,[2] methyl violet 2B and methylene blue [3]) from dye wastewater. The tarap stem axis were reported to be used in the removal of Cd (II) and Cu(II).[4]
References
1.
• The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species, retrieved 1 October 2015
• Lim, Linda B. L.; Priyantha, Namal; Zehra, Tasneem; Then, Cheow Wei; Chan, Chin Mei (2016-05-08). "Adsorption of crystal violet dye from aqueous solution onto chemically treated Artocarpus odoratissimus skin: equilibrium, thermodynamics, and kinetics studies". Desalination and Water Treatment. 57 (22): 10246–10260. doi:10.1080/19443994.2015.1033474. ISSN 1944-3994.
• Lim, Linda B. L.; Priyantha, Namal; Ing, Chieng Hei; Dahri, Muhd Khairud; Tennakoon, D. T. B.; Zehra, Tasneem; Suklueng, Montri (2015-01-23). "Artocarpus odoratissimus skin as a potential low-cost biosorbent for the removal of methylene blue and methyl violet 2B". Desalination and Water Treatment. 53 (4): 964–975. doi:10.1080/19443994.2013.852136. ISSN 1944-3994.
4. Lim, Linda B. L.; Priyantha, Namal; Tennakoon, D. T. B.; Dahri, Muhd Khairud (2012-03-06). "Biosorption of cadmium(II) and copper(II) ions from aqueous solution by core of Artocarpus odoratissimus". Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 19 (8): 3250–3256. doi:10.1007/s11356-012-0831-2. ISSN 0944-1344.
• FAO.org: Under-utilized tropical fruits
• Artocarpus odoratissimus Marang/Tarap — with pictures of the fruit ?[SOURCE - RETRIVED FROM https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artocarpus_odoratissimus ON 3/17/2018]
Seed can be obtained from Tradewind, and here is their catalog description, 3090 - Artocarpus odoratissimus - Marang
A 1-2 pound fruit related to the jackfruit, looking somewhat like a smaller jackfruit. Fruits and roasted seeds are edible and the fruit is popular in parts of southeast Asia where it is native. Prefers a tropical climate for growth. Not as hardy as the jackfruit, protect from temperatures under 45F. Medium sized tree to 20-50 feet. ?[SOURCE - RETRIVED FROM https://mail.yahoo.com/d/folders/1/messages/42156 ON 3/17/2018]
[4] WAS IT DESIGNED? THE BUTTERFLY’S WING.
https://www.jw.org/en/library/magazines/g201404/butterfly-wing/
[5] WAS IT DESIGNED? THE LIGHT-ABSORBING BUTTERFLY WING,
https://www.jw.org/en/library/magazines/g201408/light-absorbing-butterfly-wing/
[6] THE BRILLIANT BLUE OF THE POLLIA BERRY,
https://www.jw.org/en/library/magazines/awake-no4-2017-august/pollia-berry-brilliant-blue/
[7] WAS IT DESIGNED? BIRD COLORS THAT NEVER FADE,
https://www.jw.org/en/bible-teachings/science/was-it-designed/bird-colors-never-fade/
LEARN MORE ABOUT THE BIBLE AND RELIGION – BOTH TRUE AND FALSE – AT WWW.JW.ORG
https://th.bing.com/th/id/OIP.OP02Un2cALAP8Rn4EmcU7gHaHa?w=203&h=203&c=7&r=0&o=7&pid=1.7&rm=3